European Jobs Monitor - Annual report on structural change on the labour market

According to one narrative, employment has been polarising over recent decades, with employment growth focusing on the top and bottom of the wage ladder at the expense of mid-paying jobs, and this  trend is pervasive. Empirical findings for the EU Member States, however, tend to challenge this account. To explore the issue, this report summarises the main findings of the European Jobs Monitor project from 1995 to date. It examines the role played by the expansion of third-level education in the increase in higher-paying jobs. The analysis also considers the effect of crisis and recession, detailing the changes in employment arising as a consequence of the 2008–2012 economic crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic.